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Miocene fish fauna from the Cheb and Sokolov Basins: taxonomic overview and palaeoecology
Hakalová, Pavla ; Přikryl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present an overview of Miocene fish fauna of the lacustrine sediments in the Cheb and Sokolov Basins, geological settings of this area, and fish associations in individual biozones. Sediments of Cheb and Sokolov Basins were deposited during time interval from Eocene until Miocene in the subtropical zone of the North hemisphere. Volcanic and post-volcanic activities of the Ohárecký rift influenced development of these basins. It's possible define two time sections within development of these basins: early and later; both of them provide rich record of fossil fishes. For the early period of the development is typical smaller range of the lake and its shallow depth. The relicts of this stage are limited to Cheb Basin mainly. Fish fossil record is limited, with three species only: Esox sp., Palaeotinca egeriana and Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) socoloviensis. Low fish diversity could have been affected by poor living conditions or lower taxonomic diversity in general during this time. The later developmental period was much longer. The lake was much bigger - it spread to Sokolov Basin also. The fish fauna diversity is much higher, including taxons Paleotinca egariana, Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) socoloviensis, Aphanius chebianus, Paralebias egeranus and Gobius sp. It is...
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Palaeocology of plant-arthropod associations from the Lower Miocene of the Most Basin in northern Bohemia (Czech Republic)
Knor, Stanislav
Terrestrial plants and insects account for the majority of the Earth's biodiversity today, and almost half of all insect species are herbivores. Thus, insects and plants share ancient associations date back for more than 400 million years. However, investigation of their interactions stands largely at the beginning in Western Europe. Nearly 4300 plant remains showing various kinds of feeding damages are available for the present study. These trace fossils are classified as so-called functional feeding-groups supply an outstanding example of the complexity, the structure and the changes of terrestrial ecosystems, are not well known during this interval. In Europe, the Neogene is characterized by palaeogeographic re- organization due to the collision of the African with the Eurasian plates. The Neogene plant record in Europe is rich and diverse offering a profound large-scale understanding of the floristic and vegetational development. A database of fossil traces from the Most Basin was compiled and analyzed by various statistical methods in terms of the diversity and intensity of palaeo-herbivory. The primary objective is to present results on the development of insect herbivory through the section of the Bílina Mine in North Bohemia, with the aim of understanding principal factors that caused the...
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Fossil marlins (family Istiophoridae) from the Piña locality (Panama; Chagres Formation; Miocene) - morphology and comparison with related forms
De Gracia Castro, Carlos Fernando ; Přikryl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Carnevale, Giorgio (referee)
The study of fossil istiophorids is limited by its fragmentary fossil record; the absence of osteological specimens for comparisons; the cryptic bibliography of several early works and the absence of more accurate comparative methods. Appling a data imputation model we took advantages of extant data for rostral and articular variables for istiophorid billfishes. We used this result to apply PCA analysis and we compared fossil and modern istiophorids together. With this analysis we present here two new istiophorid species: Makaira? sp. nov. 1 and Makaira sp. nov. 2. Makaira? sp. nov. 1 is the most complete fossil istiophorid ever discovered and represent that share characters in various genera. We hypothesize that characters in bones involved in alimentation process have phylogenetic importance as: rostrum shape, denticles, lower jaw, vomer, basioccipital and skull shape as well as orbital size. Our taxonomic reviews of fossil istiophorid reorganize its taxonomy and solve many conflicts about the classification of fossil species. The istiophorids are abundant macrovertebrate in the Chagres sediments and its presence suggests a water column with a minimum of 200m depths in an environment of short platform with oceanic influence. Given the high productivity inferred in this environment we suggest that...
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Miocene fish fauna from the Cheb and Sokolov Basins: taxonomic overview and palaeoecology
Hakalová, Pavla ; Přikryl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present an overview of Miocene fish fauna of the lacustrine sediments in the Cheb and Sokolov Basins, geological settings of this area, and fish associations in individual biozones. Sediments of Cheb and Sokolov Basins were deposited during time interval from Eocene until Miocene in the subtropical zone of the North hemisphere. Volcanic and post-volcanic activities of the Ohárecký rift influenced development of these basins. It's possible define two time sections within development of these basins: early and later; both of them provide rich record of fossil fishes. For the early period of the development is typical smaller range of the lake and its shallow depth. The relicts of this stage are limited to Cheb Basin mainly. Fish fossil record is limited, with three species only: Esox sp., Palaeotinca egeriana and Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) socoloviensis. Low fish diversity could have been affected by poor living conditions or lower taxonomic diversity in general during this time. The later developmental period was much longer. The lake was much bigger - it spread to Sokolov Basin also. The fish fauna diversity is much higher, including taxons Paleotinca egariana, Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) socoloviensis, Aphanius chebianus, Paralebias egeranus and Gobius sp. It is...
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Palaeocology of plant-arthropod associations from the Lower Miocene of the Most Basin in northern Bohemia (Czech Republic)
Knor, Stanislav
Terrestrial plants and insects account for the majority of the Earth's biodiversity today, and almost half of all insect species are herbivores. Thus, insects and plants share ancient associations date back for more than 400 million years. However, investigation of their interactions stands largely at the beginning in Western Europe. Nearly 4300 plant remains showing various kinds of feeding damages are available for the present study. These trace fossils are classified as so-called functional feeding-groups supply an outstanding example of the complexity, the structure and the changes of terrestrial ecosystems, are not well known during this interval. In Europe, the Neogene is characterized by palaeogeographic re- organization due to the collision of the African with the Eurasian plates. The Neogene plant record in Europe is rich and diverse offering a profound large-scale understanding of the floristic and vegetational development. A database of fossil traces from the Most Basin was compiled and analyzed by various statistical methods in terms of the diversity and intensity of palaeo-herbivory. The primary objective is to present results on the development of insect herbivory through the section of the Bílina Mine in North Bohemia, with the aim of understanding principal factors that caused the...
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Palaeocology of plant-arthropod associations from the Lower Miocene of the Most Basin in northern Bohemia (Czech Republic)
Knor, Stanislav ; Prokop, Jakub (advisor) ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (referee)
Terrestrial plants and insects account for the majority of the Earth's biodiversity today, and almost half of all insect species are herbivores. Thus, insects and plants share ancient associations date back for more than 400 million years. However, investigation of their interactions stands largely at the beginning in Western Europe. Nearly 4300 plant remains showing various kinds of feeding damages are available for the present study. These trace fossils are classified as so-called functional feeding-groups supply an outstanding example of the complexity, the structure and the changes of terrestrial ecosystems, are not well known during this interval. In Europe, the Neogene is characterized by palaeogeographic re- organization due to the collision of the African with the Eurasian plates. The Neogene plant record in Europe is rich and diverse offering a profound large-scale understanding of the floristic and vegetational development. A database of fossil traces from the Most Basin was compiled and analyzed by various statistical methods in terms of the diversity and intensity of palaeo-herbivory. The primary objective is to present results on the development of insect herbivory through the section of the Bílina Mine in North Bohemia, with the aim of understanding principal factors that caused the...
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